John Veil*
Argonne National Laboratory
955 L'Enfant Plaza, SW
Suite 6000
Washington, DC 20024
Voice: 202-488-2450
Fax: 202-488-2413
E-mail: jveil@anl.gov
In 1998, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) provided funding to Argonne National Laboratory to conduct an independent evaluation of the technical feasibility, economic viability, and regulatory applicability of the DOWS technology. The results of that investigation were published in January 1999 and represent the most complete publicly available reference material on DOWS technology. Since 1999, DOWS have been used sparsely, although several new designs have been tested. This paper describes DOWS technology, how it has been used in the past, and what types of DOWS and related technology are currently being used by the industry. The paper also discusses some of the reasons why DOWS have not been more widely used, the future outlook for DOWS technology, and the steps that DOWS developers, producers, and government must follow to expand the usage of DOWS systems.